The Cold War American Foreign Policy - 1476 Words

George Kennan, compared to other writers which have been discussed in this class takes a different approach to the Cold War through the lens of American foreign policy following World War Two in his article, â€Å"After the Cold War: American Foreign Policy in the 1970s.† Kennan, unlike Leffler, Schlesinger, and Brzezinski, believes that the battle between the two nations over hegemony is beyond comparison to the dangers which threaten all of humanity. The threats Kennan provides are environmental, the unstable nature of the United Nations, and nuclear weapons. He provides a critical analysis of American foreign policy following WWII, and where the U.S. should go leading into the future. Kennan writes about the Cold War less as a historical†¦show more content†¦Leffler would agree that the initiative taken by U.S. expansionism in order to allow for more far reaching use of the bomb startled the international community. The difference between Leffler and Kennan is tha t Kennan justifies the aggressive policies of the U.S. in Eastern Europe and Eurasia, whereas Leffler is much more uncertain about the decision personally. Both men attribute U.S. intervention in Europe and Eurasia to the fear of the spread of communism. However, in regards to the U.S. inciting enough fear in the Soviet Union to have caused the Cold War I cannot say because Kennan does not address the issue. After establishing the mindset which led to the policies used during the Cold War, Kennan moves to a critical analysis of U.S. foreign policy following WWII and where U.S. commitments should remain or retract. He once again brings back one of the major concerns of policy makers following WWII, how does the U.S. fill the power vacuum left behind in Japan and Germany before the Soviets gain a foot hold? To Kennan, this commitment has deteriorated drastically since 1949, even claiming that the power gap has been filled due to Soviet failure. He uses the Soviet’s failure d uring the Berlin Blockade in 1949 as a clear indicator of their incompetence to hold those strategic locations. While Kennan does claim that the Soviet Union was not a threat to American interests in Eastern Europe, he notes thatShow MoreRelatedAmerican Foreign Policy Among The Cold War2649 Words   |  11 PagesAMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY LEADING TO THE COLD WAR Janine Douglas CHST 604 Professor Kasprzak 16 July, 2015 The twentieth century was one that was characterized by many years of war, as well as unprecedented economic, political, and technological change for the whole world. As technology, transportation, and communication evolved, the world seemed to be getting smaller, and the need for world powers to interact with each other grew unavoidable. According to Alan Dobson and Steve Marsh in theirRead MoreAmerican Strategy For U.s. Foreign Policy829 Words   |  4 PagesMead, a Senior Fellow for U.S. Foreign Policy at the Council on Foreign Relations, believes that â€Å"American strategy for U.S. foreign policy is shaped from four distinct schools of thought: Hamilton and his protectionist toward commence, Wilson and his sense of moral principles; Jefferson and his maintenance of our democratic system; and Jackson, the advocate of populist values and military might.† Henry Kissinger argued that one of these schools has dominated American strategy and stated, â€Å"It is aboveRead Mo reTaking a Look at the Cold War1237 Words   |  5 Pagescovering is the Cold War and question number six. The Roosevelt Administration was determined to avoid a retreat like the one that followed WWI. The United States itself had sole possession of the atomic bomb. The United States goal was to expand democracy. America saw that there needed to be global economic reconstruction. The Soviets looked to model the rest of the world after their own values and origins. It indeed had to do with Soviet Expansion. The Russians didn’t want to go to war with the UnitedRead MoreCauses Of The Cold War1108 Words   |  5 PagesThe Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union spanned almost half of a century. It led to worldwide fears and anxiety over the possibility of nuclear war and the desolation of mankind. It led to various proxy wars, costing the lives of millions in foreign nations and thousands of American and Soviet soldiers. With so much fear, death, money, and wi llpower going into the conflict, there must be an easy answer as to what force caused and drove the conflict. However, this topic is notRead MoreThe 70s Are Not Totally Happy `` Days1667 Words   |  7 PagesThe 50s are not totally â€Å" happy† days. In American history the post war 1950s, was a unforgettable era. T.V. shows were made, showing early childhood experiences in 1950s. For example, some shows such as LEAVE IT TO BEAVER and FATHER KNOWS BEST. These shows leave viewers with historical facts from the past. Not everyone was happy, a group of civilians and nonconformists pointed out the flaws in a suburb they believed had no moral, a government that was growing viciously with power. A lifestyleRead MoreThe Cold War And Postmodern Eras1579 Words   |  7 Pagesto envelop in culture of fear. American elites have established this supremacy by the means of propaganda. From the Cold War to the War on Terror, these elites have maintained power along with the American Government to make sure they have control of their consumers. This has been accomplished with the establishment of an American foreign policy that has helped create a bipolar world. It allows America to focus on its interest and create a myth that the American people have a destiny to fulfillRead MoreKorean War : The Cold War1598 Words   |  7 Pageshad already seen two appallingly destructive and costly World wars, just as the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States broke due to their ideological differences after World War II, in the midst of the Cold War was the Korean War. The Korean War began on June 25, 1950 when the North Korean People’s Army poured across the 38th parallel, a border between South and North Korea, to attack South Korea. The size of the war quickly grew as it began to involve countries like China, SovietRead MoreU.s. Foreign Policy Approaches1424 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States (U.S.) uses two approaches to their foreign policy. The first approach is realism. This viewpoint stresses that the principal actors, states, will pursue their own interests in an anarchical world. States will try to establish a balance of power that restrains aggressive states from dominating weaker ones. The second approach is idealism. This view stresses that states should transform the system into a new international order where peace can prevail. This approach emphases theRead MoreEssay about American Foreign Policy and Global Activism928 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican foreign policy has gone through many changes during our 200 years as an independent nation; our position as a global power has obligated us to participate in world affairs, even when public opinion has been unsupportive. After World War 2 we were only rivaled by the Soviet Union as a superpower; our policy at the time was to establish a righteous world order while simultaneously protecting that order against threats that could tear it down (i.e.: communism). Afte r the end of the cold warRead MoreThe Cold War Between The United States Of America And The Soviet Union1501 Words   |  7 PagesThe Cold War between the United States of America and the Soviet Union was not only a battle of political conflict but also a rivalry to spread political ideology and influence worldwide. Various pieces of propaganda and articles written during the time had largely impacted American popular opinion and had powerful effects on the culture among young men and women of the 1940’s and 1950’s. â€Å"The Red Iceberg† comic book cover, published and presented during the Cold War era, was one use of media that

The Human Being Is The Most Sophisticated Organism On The...

The human being is the most sophisticated organism on the planet. It feeds, cleans, and heals itself. It does have an expiration date however, that can be hacked or manipulated depending on the way, you as the steward of your body treats it. As I stated the job of the body is to clean and heal the body to increase the longevity and its quality of life. Now the body heals everything the same way, but its reaction depends on the structure or organ that becomes injured. For example if your body is cut, it bleeds, this begins the inflammatory process initiated by this â€Å"insult or injury† scar tissue is summoned to the injured area, and new cells replace the damaged tissue and within about 6 weeks the injured area is returned to somewhat normal, of course depending on the extent of damage. The key is to adopt a more holistic view, rather than focusing on small bits and pieces of your anatomy. And that includes taking your thoughts and emotions into account as well . The optimum aging scenario, says Andrew Weil MD, a pioneer in integrative medicine, is to remain as healthy as possible until we approach death, and then rapidly decline: Regardless, your wish to live a long healthy life. To do this, one must counteract the toxicity being ingested, inhaled, or exposed to the body. For the last 117 years, we have been under constant assault from environmental toxins, in our food, water, air, etc. Experts are reporting, that Environmental Toxins Are Now a Major Health Threat We are nowShow MoreRelatedOverpopulation Is Not The Problem1395 Words   |  6 Pages Overpopulation Overpopulation is a prominent controversial topic among society, in which some believe the exponential growth of humanity is detrimental to its future, whereas others conclude this theory is a myth due to human nature and resources. In Isaac Asimov’s, â€Å"The Case Against Man†, he elucidated the verity of overpopulation, emphasizing that the disproportion of earth’s carrying capacity and its resources will inevitably lead to humanity’s demise. Introducing the notion thatRead MoreThe Effects of Genetic Engineering on Agriculture Essay1409 Words   |  6 PagesThis seems now somewhat outdated with today’s technology. Genetic engineering comes with many downfalls. Increased production through genetic engineering could exhaust nonrenewable resources more rapidly and fail to feed a larger and more dependent human population. In Africa, and South and Central America, super breeds of crops, irrigation and hydroelectric dams, chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and agripoisons exported to less developed countries produced great short-term profits but destroyed alreadyRead MoreWaterborne Illness1417 Words   |  6 Pagesworld countries is the disease burden. Waterborne diseases make a major contribution to diseases’ burden in the third world. As per the World Health Organization, waterborne diseases contribute to about 4.1% to the daily burden of diseases on the planet daily. WHO puts the contribution of sanitation, poor hygiene, and unsafe water contribution to waterborne diseases at 88% (Guidelines for drinking-water quality, 2011). Water Bourne diseases result to more than 1.8million deaths every year (LeeRead MoreDigital Asset And Payment System1597 Words   |  7 Pagescreated new opportunities in the variety of industries. Recently, Bitcoin, the most popular digital asset and payment system, along with its public ledger Blockchain started being considered as a remedy for the music industry. The upcoming global discussion is inevitable as the idea of engaging both of these developments gets wildly spread by its early evangelists from the industry, both professionals and artists. One of the most active representatives of this movement is a CEO and Co-Founder of PledgeRead MoreEnergy Surrounds Humanity And Underpins Modern Life Essay1368 Words   |  6 Pagescivilizations were constructed using the labor of humans and animals. By the exertions of thousands of slaves, the construction of remarkable structures of the ancient world were made possible, such as the Great Wall of China and the Pyramids of Egypt. According to today’s standards, this process is considered extremely slow, inefficient and inhumane. It was only in the last two hundred years in human history that machines have replaced the labour of hundreds of humans and accomplished their work in a fractionRead MoreDo Androids Dream Of Electric Sheep2124 Words   |  9 Pagescreated to help the human race. The main character Rick Deckard wants to be able to own an actual animal instead of an electric one so he became a bounty hunter with the hope that he will be able to afford a real animal in the future. 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They c ontrol all decisions, actions, and emotions, with both large and small impacts. Brains are responsible for everything humans accomplish. Brains cause madness, genius, insanity, calamities, wars, opinions, oppression, society, and culture. They give humans their humanity. In Thresholds as early as five, brains developed and began to adapt and changed to help their host organism survive. They created order within the body for better functioning.Read MoreMarine Biology And Its Impact On Society1364 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Marine Biology is the scientific study of organisms in the ocean or other marine bodies of water. Marine Biologists are the examiners of this science. Marine Biologists play an important role in today’s society because 71% of the Earth is made up of water and only 5% of water on Earth has been discovered (â€Å"Ocean†). Without having these scientists in our communities today, the largest part of Earth would remain a mystery. 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Stigma in retirement Free Essays

string(175) " equivalent to one twelvemonth ‘s wage at the rate at which a deceased employee on impermanent contract beyond retiring age was paid as at 1st August predating decease\." Introduction: Company retirement is no longer stigma in today ‘s universe. More and more people are go oning to work after retirement age for a assortment of grounds. No uncertainty for a big figure the chief ground for working after retirement age will be fiscal, but for others accomplishing a balance between work and place life is an of import issue. We will write a custom essay sample on Stigma in retirement or any similar topic only for you Order Now Some people do really see the chance of halting work wholly as a chilling option and many will ease their manner into retirement by go oning to work but with more flexible or parttime hours. There are around 6 1000000s people between the age of 50 and retirement age still actively employed. Theory: Mortgages No Longer a Stigma in Retirement Reflecting a monolithic alteration from the anterior coevals when a major end of retirement was to â€Å"burn the mortgage, † more than 55 per centum of boomers surveyed who presently hold mortgages do non be after to pay their mortgages off until their 70s, if of all time. This tendency was most marked in the Western US, where 31 per centum of those with mortgages do non of all time intend to pay them off, compared with 25 per centum in the South, 18 per centum in the Midwest and 11 per centum in the Northeast. Of the 500 boomers surveyed about two-thirds presently have mortgages on their abodes. The staying 3rd either rent or do non hold a mortgage. â€Å"Contrary to conventional wisdom, mortgages can really be a wealth-building tool for boomers throughout their retirement years†.In add-on to their revenue enhancement benefits, mortgages help liberate up financess that otherwise would be tied up in belongings ownership for investing in equities. 1 ) The normal retiring age for lasting employees is 60 ( 60 ) old ages. The retirement age of 60 ( 60 ) for ATS staff must be enforced, as agreed by Finance and General Purposes Committee, Mona, at its meeting held on September 27,1999. 2 ) An employee may be retired before the age of 60 ( 60 ) if he/she is found to be enduring from a chronic medical status, or is for good handicapped and, as a consequence, is unable to to the full or decently dispatch the undertakings, responsibilities and duties of his/her occupation, or comply with the footings and conditions of his/her employment. The effectual day of the month of retirement is the staff member ‘s sixtieth birthday. Therefore, the last on the job twenty-four hours would be the twenty-four hours on which he/she attains the age of 60. Pension Members of staff who were employed and lending to the pension strategy prior to August 1, 2002, can bespeak a ball sum payment of their employee and employer ‘s part or purchase a pension with the returns from his or her Old-age pension. Members who joined the strategy on or after August 1, 2002 may merely buy a pension with the returns from their old-age pension. Health The University covers the full cost of wellness insurance for retired persons who are in reception of a pension from the University. Impermanent employment beyond retiring age may be granted up to the age of 65 ( 65 ) . In really exceeding instances, the University may see impermanent employment beyond the age of 65 ( 65 ) , but non beyond 70 ( 70 ) old ages. Retirees may merely be retained where the station has been advertised and a suited replacing is non found. If a suited replacing is non found and the retired staff member is to be re-engaged, there must be a interruption in service for a lower limit of two ( 2 ) hebdomads. The retired person will be issued a particular Contract for services by the Human Resource Management Division with footings negotiated between the retired staff member and the University. These footings will include an across-the-board amount, which will non needfully be the same as those for a regular staff member. Under this contract, the retired person will be engaged to supply specific services to the University under specific footings of mention. This contract should be of a fixed period non transcending one ( 1 ) twelvemonth and will include an terminal of contract tip of 10 % of the contract amount. The granting of such petition for re-employment is at the discretion of the University. The Finance and General Purposes Committee, Mona, established the following standards to be applied purely beyond 65 ( 65 ) old ages, but laxly between 60-65 old ages. The employee must hold rendered outstanding service in a peculiar field and should hold demonstrated a proper work attitude. This should be clearly stated in a particular rating of the employee by the Head of Department and should be supported by a summarised research into the employee ‘s record by the Human Resource Management Division. The employee must be in a province of physical/mental fittingness, grounds of which should be corroborated by the employee ‘s medical history as recorded in his/her file. The Head of Department must be able to bespeak that the work of the Department would be adversely affected if the cognition, accomplishments and experience of the employee were non retained. Re-engagement of a retired person is capable to a satisfactory medical report.. 1. Normal Increases If an employee is granted extension of assignment on a annual footing the Head of Department should do a recommendation for the granting of any one-year increase. 2. Long Service Award An employee ‘s impermanent service beyond retirement will be regarded for the intents of finding eligibility for Long Service Award. 3. Educational Facilities A retired person who is appointed on a impermanent contract beyond the retiring age, along with his/her wife/ hubby and/or kids, who has been accepted for entry to the University are exempt from paying tuition and scrutiny fees. 4. Commissariats in the event of Death The University will pay to the widow or widowman, or if there are orphan dependent kids, to a legal guardian for their benefit, a particular grant of an sum equivalent to one twelvemonth ‘s wage at the rate at which a deceased employee on impermanent contract beyond retiring age was paid as at 1st August predating decease. You read "Stigma in retirement" in category "Essay examples" Pension At retirement, members of staff are paid the accrued value of their Federation Superannuation Scheme for Universities ( FSSU ) financess. If the member of staff is tenured and has served for more than 10 ( 10 ) old ages continuously with the University, an appraisal is done and, if necessary, a auxiliary pension is provided. Housing Retired members of staff who were housed in University lodging instantly prior to the effectual day of the month of their retirement, are allowed to stay in University adjustment for up to three months after retirement, nevertheless, they would be required to pay a monthly lease at the appropriate commercial rate. Book Grant Staff members traveling on retirement may utilize, within one ( 1 ) twelvemonth of their retirement, the balance of the Grant credited to their history at the day of the month of retirement. Health The University covers the full cost of wellness insurance for retired persons who are in reception of a pension from the University. Personal Rewards Outrank Economic Rewards as Reason to Work More than three quarters ( 76 % ) of boomers surveyed who are still working program to go on working after age 62, the age when they are eligible to have Social Security. A singular 40 per centum program to go on working into their 70s. For those who will go on working past age 62, the major ground cited ( 72 % ) to go on working was for the â€Å"intellectual and societal stimulation† work provides, followed by the end of keeping criterion of life at 51 per centum and to avoid tapping into nest eggs at 41 per centum. The form was the same for those be aftering to work into their 70s, with three quarters be aftering to maintain working for rational and societal stimulation and 39 per centum to keep their criterion of life. Economicss are non the primary ground these flush boomers are go oning to work. They are making the highest degree in their callings, doing more money, learning and developing the newer members of our workforce—work provides satisfactions good beyond their demand for income. Of those taking the study, 29 per centum describe themselves as being retired in the conventional sense, while 71 per centum are still employed. But in Britain retirement is non a stigma.They can non be denied from the occupation on the footing of age. Your Right to Work Regulations in Britain mean that an employer can non know apart against workers on the evidences of age. These ordinances were brought into consequence in 2006 in order that older people have the same rights to employment, preparation and grownup instruction. It is improper for an employer to utilize age as a ground for favoritism on the undermentioned points: – Deny person preparation Prevent publicity Dismiss person from their employment Deny employment to person Retire person before the province employment age or the company ‘s ain retirement age without a valid ground However, an employer still has the right to decline person over the age of 65 or over said employer ‘s usual company retirement age, and they do non necessitate to give any grounds or justifications. Working and Your State Pension If you are go oning to work after retirement age so you can either claim your pension or postpone it. If you choose to take your pension subsequently so you may be able to acquire a higher rate of pension subsequently on, or you may be able to take the deferred sum as a ball amount. The ball amount will be nonexempt but will hold added involvement and so you can get down having your normal pension. If you are sing either of these options so you will necessitate to detain claiming your pension for at least five hebdomads in order to have the higher rate. For the ball amount you will necessitate to detain for at least 12 back-to-back months. Finding Work There are eternal possibilities for older workers when it comes to happening employment. Many older employees wrongly assume that they will be passed over in favor of younger employees but this is non ever the instance. Some employers look favorably on older workers due to their dependability, accomplishments, and the fact that they take less ill clip than younger employees. There are authorities strategies specifically designed to assist older people find employment such as New Deal 50 Plus and New Deal for Disabled People. These strategies are designed to assist older people who are happening it hard to obtain employment or happening employment that pays a nice pay. Job-sharing is besides an first-class manner of working part-time or working to more flexible hours ; you can ever inquire your employer if they would see flexible hours. Asked about their figure one calling end over the following five old ages, most boomers ( 53 % ) will go on making their current work until they retire, while a one-fourth of boomers are seeking continued growing in their current callings. Merely 10 per centum citation â€Å"to halt working† as a end. Voluntary Work Voluntary work is an first-class option if you are sing go oning to work after retirement age. Although normally unpaid, you can derive valuable new accomplishments, and some voluntary occupations will pay revenue enhancement free disbursals or reimburse your disbursals. Volunteer occupations can include working for the Citizens Advice Bureau ( CAB ) , working in tourer information offices and charity stores, voluntary drivers, or you can even go a local council member. Continuing to work after retirement is a popular and good pick for many older workers. The retirement age is merely a guideline when it comes to work there is no ground why you can non work long past retirement age if you are healthy and able to. Private Investment Accounts Fund Retirements Asked what the chief beginning of support for retirement is, the largest figure of boomers ( 31 % ) cited investings outside of a retirement program as the â€Å"principal† beginning that will fund their retirement. â€Å"This happening supports the importance of keeping a robust personal investing program throughout a life-time, † says Jim Bell. â€Å"To have a comfy retirement, this coevals must augment traditional tax-deferred retirement nest eggs programs and pensions, with their ain investing program — ideally by using a healthy mix of equity investments.† Baby boomers ranked the â€Å"principal† beginning of retirement support as: Investings outside of a retirement program: 31 % Pension program: 23 % Company-sponsored programs such as 401 ( K ) : 19 % Individual Retirement Account ( IRA ) : 17 % Social Security: 4 % Survey Methodology The Affluent Boomer Survey was conducted by Opinion Research Corporation from April 1-6, 2008, among a random sample of 500 grownups comprised of 250 work forces and 250 adult females who were born in 1948 and have investible assets of $ 1 million or more. Bell Investment Advisors offers investing direction, comprehensive fiscal planning, and career/life planning services to assist investors be after and accomplish their personal and retirement ends. The house manages more than $ 500 million for its more than 650 clients. In 2007, Bell Investment Advisors was named one of the Bay Area ‘s 100 Fastest Turning Privately Held Businesss by the San Francisco Business Times for the 4th twelvemonth in a row. How to cite Stigma in retirement, Essay examples